Vigna species, including mungbean (Vigna radiata), urdbean (Vigna mungo), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia), mini payaru (Vigna stipulacea), ricebean (Vigna umbellata), and jungle mat bean (Vigna trilobata) are cultivated for human consumption and livestock feed in Asia, particularly India. All of them are excellent sources of proteins, minerals, dietary fibre, antioxidants, and polyphenols, polysaccharides, and polyphenols. We have collected Indian cultivars and germplasm accessions of these species and aimed to identify and characterize the favorable genes for agronomically important traits based on molecular breeding approaches.